The comedy genre has boundless opportunities. It has an evergreen appeal to audiences, especially in dark times. We all need the tonic of humor and a light-hearted premise at some point. And a ‘high concept’ comedy channels this appeal in one of the most striking ways possible.
Table of Contents
What is a High Concept Comedy?
A high concept comedy is one of the many different sub-genres of comedy. And in an ever-competitive industry, a comedy with a unique premise driving both the story and the humor is a shortcut to standing out from the crowd.
Executives, producers and script readers will all tell how you how much a clear premise will make your screenplay stand out from the piles they read every day. And this is particularly true of comedy.
A high concept premise creates a clear motivation and ground for comedy.
It can be described as a type of story that is easily pitched, has a brief and clear premise and is often characterized by a ‘what if…’ scenario that stimulates the plot. There might also be a fantastical element to this premise.
There are similarities between a high concept comedy and a fish out of water comedy. Indeed, many overlap with each other and the rules don’t have to be strict in this regard.
- However, what a high concept comedy uniquely does is bring the fish out of water scenario to the protagonist.
- Where a clear fish out of water comedy will take the protagonist somewhere new, a high concept comedy might instead change the circumstances around the protagonist.
- This is what often leads to fantasy situations, as the rules of reality have to shift in order to put the protagonist in a new situation.
Examples of High Concept Comedies
One of the distinct characteristics of a high concept comedy is the typical description of the entire premise in the title.
This is just a hint towards what a high concept comedy is. It’s a comedy that has its premise front and centre. This is what will drive the comedy and this will be the film’s standout feature.
You can see how the following high concept comedy movie examples have a premise that is strikingly and compellingly clear in only one or two sentences.
- Liar Liar: A successful lawyer’s entire career is built on the basis of lies. This is thrown into difficulty when his son wishes for him to not lie for a day and his wish comes true.
- Bruce Almighty: A down on his luck TV reporter demands an explanation from God for the injustice done to him. To teach him humility, the Almighty gives the reporter the power to run the world for a while.
- Big: A teenager wishes to become an adult and is granted his wish.
- Groundhog Day: A man is trapped in a time-loop of the same day, forced to be a better person in order to break the loop.
The Key Elements of Writing a High Concept Comedy
So how do you go about writing a high concept comedy? The premise might be half of it, but how do you execute this engagingly? How do you build a narrative around a unique and distinctive comedic premise?
We’ve summarized some of the essential elements of writing a high concept comedy and fleshing out what comes around your unique premise.
1. What is Your High Concept?
High concept films are relatively simple ideas. This simplicity arguably makes them harder to write. You need to intrigue, entertain and humor your viewer whilst delivering your story in a witty and structured manner.
The premise is clearly the most important element of your high concept comedy. So finding it is the first key step of writing your screenplay.
The easiest way to approach a high-concept premise is with ‘what if’ or ‘fish out of water’ scenarios. These make a great start for a simple but interesting plot. They set up a question and prompt you to come up with a creative answer.
A few examples of successful ‘what if’ scenarios:
- Liar Liar: What if a crooked lawyer, whose career is built on lying, was not able to tell a single lie?
- Bruce Almighty: What if a human with little faith suddenly had God’s powers and responsibilities?
- Groundhog Day: What if a self-centered, arrogant TV reporter got stuck in a time-loop in a city he despises?
All of these scenarios are simple but bring comedy and intrigue due to the inevitable conflict within the ‘what if’.
To find your own premise, look for scenarios that will make you laugh. The wilder the idea the better. And then eliminate what seems to be too outrageous or too simple (boring) to arrive at your own unique high concept idea.
High concept films are idea-driven rather than character-driven. The characters are thrown into a specific scenario and faced with a set of challenges that will reveal who they are. Whilst the character is an important part of the story and comedy, the concept leads.
2. Characterisation
Despite high-concept comedies being driven by an idea rather than explicitly by character development like for example, in a coming of age movie, your lead character(s) will play an important role in the unraveling of your idea.
To ensure that your characters don’t take over your idea, make them human. This is where how they react to the scenario will be interesting. Give them flaws and establish them in the first few scenes. These flaws are what will set up the high concept and how these flaws will be addressed is what will drive the story as it relates to the high concept.
Don’t forget too that you are writing a comedy. Especially with idea-driven scripts, keep in mind that the audience will be looking for humor in the situations that your characters find themselves in.
Liar Liar is the perfect example of this. The protagonist‘s flaw is that he can’t not tell lies. It’s an essential part of both his job but also his personal life. The high concept premise (that he physically can’t lie) forces him to tell the truth and in the juxtaposition between his natural inclination to tell lies and the fact that he can’t, comedy is created.
This is where the high concept is uniquely linked to the characterisation. And this can be helpful in trying to find your high concept in the first place. What is it about your character that a unique, perhaps fantastical, premise would exploit? What in their life needs to change and how can a high concept idea force the character to change?
The high concept is kind of the inciting incident in this sense, the force from above that forces your character to change when nothing else will.
3. Setting Up the Protagonist
Before you introduce the high-concept and comedic elements into the script, you have to set it up. This is achieved by introducing your lead character in their normal world and to their flaws that will eventually be ‘transformed’ by the end of the film.
By showing the protagonist in their ordinary world you can later create a conflict between ‘comfortable’ and ‘uncomfortable’.
In Liar Liar the film’s opening scene set ups the premise of the film in a comedic way:
INT. FULGHAM KINDERGARTEN -- WEDNESDAY MORNING
Two dozen KINDERGARTENERS listen to their teacher, MS.
BERRY. The word "Work" is on the blackboard.
MS. BERRY
"Work." Today we're going to
share what our parents do for
work.
QUICK CUTS of a series of five-year olds standing beside their desks, addressing the class:
JEFF
My dad is a truck driver.
MELINDA
My mommy is a doctor.
The QUICK CUTS end with MAX:
MAX
My mom's a teacher.
As Max starts to sit:
MS. BERRY
And your dad?
MAX
(hesitant)
My dad? He's . . . a liar.
MS. BERRY
(taken aback)
A liar? I don't think you mean "a liar."
MAX
Well... he wears a suit and goes to court and talks to the judge and--
MS. BERRY
(relieved)
Oh! I see -- you mean he's a lawyer.
The premise is established in the first few moments:
- Thanks to the title, we understand that Max’s father is the protagonist of the story.
- The play on words between ‘liar’ and ‘lawyer’ adds a comedic element.
Then we are introduced to the protagonist himself, Fletcher Reede:
- He leaves the court after another successful day.
- Fletcher is clearly a ‘super star’.
- And he chooses to do an interview instead of seeing his son.
Fletcher Reede is in his element. Going forward, the aim is to take him away from his comfort zone…
4. The World Falls Apart
This is the next element in the development of your story. Following an introduction to the protagonist and their world, it is time to introduce the conflict.
Within a high concept comedy, a conflicting element is usually surreal. In fact, there are not many limits in a ‘what if’ scenario. If you can make it credible for the audience, the conflict can be as unreal as you want. You just need a way and a reason to introduce the fantasy element.
For example:
- In Liar Liar: After Fletcher misses his son’s birthday, Fletcher’s son wishes for his Dad to never be able to lie again. The ‘birthday wish’ trope is well known by audiences and though fictitious here, it has a grounding in something we all recognise.
- In Groundhog Day: Phil, the self-centered weatherman, is stuck in a time loop that forces him to take a new look at his life if he ever wants to break it. Time loops are also a familiar but effective trope as they inherently force change in the character.
These characters experience unreal events that force them to change their lives. They are thrown out of their comfort zone by an event they couldn’t possibly predict. Their actions and how willing and able to change they are will dictate the plot development.
They will likely react slowly (if they changed instantly there wouldn’t be much of a story) and the initial obstacle will breed further ones. The way this external change affects the character has to ripple out, creating a variety of scenarios for the character and the audience to engage with and overcome.
5. Where Does the Comedy Come From?
The comedy will primarily stem from the difficulty the protagonist has in adapting to this new world. There has been a sudden shift in how they have to interact with the world and the protagonist can’t keep up with it.
This will likely lead to some extreme situations. The protagonist will be made uncomfortable and this will result in some amusing scenarios.
For example:
- In Liar Liar, Fletcher discovers suddenly he can’t lie to the colleagues he spends every day lying to, resulting in some frank but hilarious comments about how he really feels about them.
- In Bruce Almighty, Bruce discovers he has godlike powers when everything he says seems to come true. For example, he says “If that was God then I’m Clint Eastwood”. Suddenly, he’s being shot at and seems to have taken on Clint Eastwood’s persona.
- Whilst in a fish out of water high concept comedy like Beverly Hills Cop, the comedy comes from the protagonist adjusting to new surroundings, a Detroit police officer getting used to the very different context of Beverly Hills.
Comedy in these situations is often excavated through extremity. The character will react in an over-the-top way to their new situation. It’s the perfect example of why Jim Carrey is so adept at performing in high concept comedies. He is a master of extreme, over the top reactions, after all.
But the screenwriter needs to create the circumstances for this extremity, even if the performance will add a whole new layer to it. Make your situations surreal and/or uncomfortable and heighten your character’s reactions.
Furthermore, have fun with the juxtapositions that the high concept premise will throw up. Think of the worst and best things that could come from it and use these ideas to find comedy.
6. Raise The Stakes
Conflict will help you raise the stakes in your screenplay and this will keep the audience interested. The more your characters have to lose due to the conflict, the higher the stakes get.
This will also allow you to find comedic opportunities throughout your story. This is particularly the case as we watch the characters struggle and fail against an odd situation, finding difficultly in navigating it or explaining it to those who don’t understand.
For Example, in Liar Liar:
- Fletcher’s inability to lie thrusts him into a tricky situation in his job when fighting a high profile custody case which could be a big boon to his career.
- He tries to delay a crucial hearing (by beating himself up) because he knows he won’t be able to lie and win the case.
- However, he discovers a crucial piece of information about his client that allows him to win the case regardless. He’s had to resort to something other than his usual tactics and this has pulled him through, just when he (and we) thought it was impossible.
- Then, however, in seeing the children that the custody case was about crying when taken away, he realizes his priorities have been wrong.
- He then seeks to stop his ex-wife and son from moving to Boston, promising he will be different moving forward.
So the double stakes of Fletcher’s career and personal life entwine and raise the stakes to their fullest potential (within the context).
- Fletcher only comes to a revelation about the case when he’s forced to at the very last minute, after going to extreme lengths in beating himself up.
- And he reaches Max at the very last minute possible (just as the plane he’s on is taking off).
These kind of high stakes and pressure on the protagonist are what keeps the audience engaged. The high concept has to force a change. But that change should only come when everything seems at stake. People don’t change in an instant, after all, they have to be viscerally faced with what the consequences of not changing will be.
7. Lesson Learned
The final but not least important element is the ending. The protagonist of a high concept comedy will typically always have a happy ending, at least in terms of bettering themselves.
After learning their lesson, they can return to the ordinary world. However their ‘ordinary’ is now different due to the moral change they experience through the conflict in the film.
- In Groundhog Day: After realizing that helping others is his only way out of the loop, Phil changes his attitude towards life and becomes a better person. This benefits others and himself.
- In Bruce Almighty: Bruce finds himself in the hospital and after realizing that God’s job is harder than it seems, he accepts his fate and rekindles his relationship.
- Fletcher in Liar Liar, meanwhile, de-prioritises his career in order to spend more time with his son.
The resolution of a high concept film comes from a change in the protagonist through a number of challenges that they overcome during the course of the story. The high concept presents these challenges.
And a high concept comedy is a story in which the juxtaposition between the need to change and the protagonist‘s reluctance or inability to leads to comedic situations.
In Summary
A high concept comedy is a comedy that has a distinct premise, often characterized by a ‘what if…’ scenario. There might also be a fantastical element to this premise, one which forces the protagonist into changing and sources comedy from this juxtaposition.
Find your protagonist, locate their flaw and force them into a situation where that flaw has to be worked on or solved in order to break the circumstances of the high concept premise. Audiences will accept a wide range of fantastical situations provided they feel believably rooted in the protagonist‘s characterisation.
The essential to writing a high concept comedy lies in forcing your protagonist to change, finding comedy in the difficulty of this change/the extremity of the premise and resolving your protagonist‘s original dilemma/flaw.
– What did you think of this article? Share It, Like It, give it a rating, and let us know your thoughts in the comments box further down…
– Struggling with a script or book? Story analysis is what we do, all day, every day… check out our range of script coverage services for writers & filmmakers.
This article was written by Elena Bulatovskaya and edited by IS staff.
Get *ALL* our FREE Resources
Tackle the trickiest areas of screenwriting with our exclusive eBooks. Get all our FREE resources when you join 60,000 filmmakers on our mailing list!
Success! Thanks for signing up, now please check all your email folders incl junk mail!
Something went wrong.